Air sealing is best accomplished using closed cell spray foam, which offers a high R-value of approximately R-7 per inch and acts as its own vapor barrier. We prioritize it heavily for high-moisture zones like the crawl space, rim joists and the underside of the roof deck, where a material that handles air, thermal and vapor control in one pass removes several chances for something to go wrong.
To balance performance and budget we often build a combined strategy, running closed cell foam as the control layer and adding fiberglass, mineral wool or open cell spray foam over it for additional R-value and sound dampening. This gets you the airtightness where it matters most without foaming the entire building.